Near East Relief Day Order of Service

Service program from Near East Relief Day. NER used local churches and organizations to mobilize individual support by appealing to their sense of philanthropic duty.

Girls Education In Orphanages

Orphan girls getting an education in the orphanages in Syra. The education in the two photos is focused on tailoring and cooking.

Education For Orphans

A publication about the importance of education for orphans. In the image, there is a photo of a group of orphans standing with each other.

Sponsorship Form: Heracles Savvas

Near East Relief sponsorship form for an orphan boy named Heracles Savvas. The form is not dated. Based on the information provided, it is from the mid- to late 1920s. This is the only form of its kind in the Near East Foundation archives. Sponsors received periodic reports on their child’s health and academic progress.

“America We Thank You”

Children at Seversky Post orphanage in Alexandropol spell out a message for their American benefactors. This iconic photograph was used in thank-you letters, brochures, and publications like The New Near East.

Edith May Winchester

Winchester, Edith May of Fox Chase, Pa., was one of the first American nurses to enter Armenia after the war. She died from typhus at Erivan on May 17, 1919, being the first Near East Relief worker to give her life in service. She arrived in Erivan during the height of the typhus epidemic when Armenian refugees from Turkey were dying on the streets at a rate of 190 a day. Miss Winchester was the first to respond to the call of relief doctors to serve in an emergency typhus ward hastily opened. She contracted the disease and died within ten days, before her eagerly awaited mail from home reached. In her memory a nurses’ training school has been opened at the Edith May Winchester Memorial Hospital in Alexandropol, Armenia. From this school have been graduated the first nurses registered in the Armenian Republic. All were former orphan wards of the Near East Relief. They will form the faculty of a new government training school and the nucleus for a newer established Armenian Public Health Service.

From Team Work, 1924

Ernest Yarrow distributing supplies

Near East Relief worker Ernest Yarrow distributes supplies to widows and children in the Caucasus, where he was the Director of relief operations.

Attacking the Intelligentsia

Victims of the April 24, 1915 attack on the Armenian intellectual class. The Soviet Armenian Encyclopedia, Vol. 71.

Rev. Lester James Wright

Wright, Lester James of Waukesha, Wisc., was the first Near East Relief worker to meet a violent death. He was slain by bandits, near Aleppo, Syria after having accompanied a convoy of orphans out of Harpoot. The children had been moved without mishap to safety and Mr. Wright, with three other relief workers and a native driver, were returning to Aleppo at the time. The bandits opened rifle fire upon the party without warning. Wright was killed instantly. Enoch R. Applegate, another relief worker, was wounded at the same time.

(Source: Team Work Volume III no. 6 – Smith – June 1924The Story of Near East Relief – Barton – 1930)

Robert E. Willson

Influenza and exhaustion brought on by the pressure of work among four thousand refugees at Mersine, Turkey, cost the life of Dr. Robert E. Willson, of Morning Sun, Iowa, on February 18, 1923. Dr. Willson had been engaged in missionary work in Cilicia for a number of years and passed through the massacres of 1909, when thousands of Armenians in Adana, Marash, and other cities in that region were slain by the Turks.

(Source: Team Work Volume III no. 6 – Smith – June 1924)

George St. John Williams

Williams, George St. John of Foxburg, Pa., died from pneumonia at Marsovan, Turkey, on December 10. 1922. Mr. Williams was in charge of the Near East Relief unit at Marsovan at the time that the orphans from the interior were being evacuated by way of Samsoun and the Black Sea. In meeting each column as it arrived in the city on the long trip overland to the coast, Williams contracted a heavy cold. He continued at his work despite the remonstrances of his physicians and pneumonia developed. A veteran of the A. E . F., his body was sent to the United States and buried with full military honors at Arlington Cemetery.

(Source: Team Work Volume III no. 6 – Smith – June 1924The Story of Near East Relief – Barton – 1930)

Mary L. Graffam

Graffam, Mary L. of Lewiston, Me., who like, Annie T. Allen, had gained a tremendous influence throughout Turkey as a missionary, died on August 17, 1921, also at Sivas, as the result of an operation for cancer. Overwork among the orphans and refugees in that city had so taxed her strength that she failed to rally after the operation. Miss Graffam was one of the few women who remained in the interior throughout the war. As a result of her efforts thousands of Armenians were saved from slaughter. In one instance her presence so aggravated the ill-nature of the Turks that an order for her execution was signed but afterward countermanded. At the time of the Armistice the Turkish caretaker of the former Kaiser’s farm at Sivas, in terror of punishment for war-time misdeeds, deeded the property over to her. This property was used as an orphanage until the Near East Relief withdrew from Turkey.

(Source: Team Work Volume III no. 6 – Smith – June 1924The Story of Near East Relief – Barton – 1930)

Menno Shellenberger

Shellenberger, Menno: Smallpox contracted from refugees at Diarbekir caused the death in that Turkish city of Menno Shellenberger, of Hesston, Kansas, on December 14, 1921. Shellenberger had been transporting supplies by motor-truck from Aleppo, three hundred miles away, to Diarbekir when he became ill.

(Source: Team Work Volume III no. 6 – Smith – June 1924The Story of Near East Relief – Barton – 1930)

Jay H. Robinson

Robinson, Captain Jay H. of Oakland. Cal., died at the American Hospital, Constantinople, from pneumonia on December 10, 1920. During the influx of Russian refugees lo Constantinople following the collapse of General Wrangel’s anti-Bolshevik forces in Crimea, Captain Robinson worked night and day distributing food and caring for the sick and wounded. The illness from which he died was brought on by exposure and overwork while engaged in this service .

(Source: Team Work Volume III no. 6 – Smith – June 1924The Story of Near East Relief – Barton – 1930)

Paul Peltier

Peltier, Paul of New York, a pioneer Near East Relief worker, died on April 1, 1919, at Eskishehir, Turkey, following a railroad accident, while he was on his way from Constantinople to the interior. Mr. Peltier was among the first group of relief workers commissioned after the armistice.

(Source: The Story of Near East Relief – Barton – 1930)

Richard Stanley Emrich

Emrich, Richard Stanley of Framingham, Mass., was one of the first Near East Relief workers to go in to Syria. Prior to the war he had been engaged in mission work in Turkey. The party, of which he was a member, started out from Constantinople over the Bagdad railroad in the spring of 1919. They traveled in box cars and during the long, slow trip over the mountains Dr. Emrich contracted a severe cold, which developed into pneumonia and he died on May 4, 1919, at Aleppo.

(Source: Team Work Volume III no. 6 – Smith – June 1924The Story of Near East Relief – Barton – 1930)

Olive T. Crawford

Crawford, Olive T. of Hartford, Conn., who with her husband had been a missionary at Trebizond, Asia Minor, since 1879, died of typhus in the city in April, 1923. Her husband, the Rev. Lindon S. Crawford, died there on September 26, 1918. Mrs. Crawford had been in charge of work for the Near East Relief in Trebizond for several months prior to her death. She contracted the disease from which she died while helping Greek and Armenian refugees from the interior of Turkey who were awaiting transportation to Greece and other regions of safety.

(Source: Team Work Volume III no. 6 – Smith – June 1924)

Advertisement featuring Aurora Mardiganian

The Brooklyn Eagle published many advertisements for <em>Ravished Armenia</em>. In this advertisement, Aurora Mardiganian is featured alongside prominent silent film stars of the day, an indication of her prominence at the time.

Article about Syra

Boys in Syra built an experimental community, complete with a justice system

Map of evacuations

Map showing evacuations of orphans and relief workers from Ottoman Turkey in the wake of the Smyrna disaster and the advancement of the Kemalist army.

Children playing with carts

Children from the Birds’ Nest playing with toy carts made by boys at Maameltein Orphanage. Includes Nellie Miller’s original handwritten caption.

The Life of a Child appeal booklet

Booklet with coupons for child sponsorship. Each one-dollar coupon in the book supported a child for one week. This booklet was designed by George Silloway, secretary of the Pennsylvania Near East Relief chapter.

“Redeem the Children”

Flyer featuring a small boy named Dikran. Individual children were often used to put a human face on relief work.

Vaccination certificate

Near East Relief vaccination certificate for Satenig Mazmanian from the orphanage in Athens, Greece. Satenig later settled in France.

The Story of Little Zadi

A profile of Zadi and Mrs. Gannaway used by Near East Relief as part of a fundraising campaign.

“Auction of Souls” poster

Ravished Armenia was vital to the Committee’s efforts to raise $30 million for direct relief. Moviegoers paid as much as $10 per ticket for screenings in the U.S. and abroad.

Ravished Armenia book cover

Aurora shared her story with the American Committee for Relief in the Near East (later known as Near East Relief). Ravished Armenia: The story of Aurora Mardiganian, the Christian Girl who survived the great massacres was published in 1918.

 

 

Literacy class in Togo

As the nations of Sub-Saharan Africa gained independence, NEF partnered with the U.S. Agency for International Development to create multidisciplinary training programs. Over 15 years, NEF assigned more than 100 technicians to 20 African countries. Literacy class in Togo, 1966.

Jackie Coogan Campaign Advertisement

An advertisement for Jackie Coogan campaign sponsored by Borden’s Eagle Brand Condensed Milk. Borden donated many cases of condensed milk to Near East Relief.

Amelia B. Horton

A tribute to Amelia B. Horton, a member of the Near East Relief office staff in New York City. Mrs. Horton worked for Near East Relief for ten years until her untimely death in 1927. During her final illness she requested that her colleagues remember her by sending money to help the orphans.

Ravished Armenia newspaper advertisement

The success of the film came at a cost. Aurora’s physical and emotional health declined rapidly. She turned down film offers out of a profound fear that her former captors would find her in America.